The difference between normal, dry, and oil shampoo are the forms that they come in. Normal is a liquid. Dry is powder and so solid, while oil shampoo is oily.
The benefits of 2-in-1 shampoo and conditioner include :
Saves time on washing and cleaning hair Is more environmentally sustainable due to less water used What are the benefits of 2-in-1 shampoo and conditioners?A 2 -in-1 saves you time by avoiding the two separate shower stages while also moisturizing and cleansing your hair. Bringing one bottle of 2-in-1 shampoo and conditioner whether you're traveling or showering on the move, for instance, not only saves you time showering but also valuable room in your cosmetics bag."
The sustainability benefit of a 2-in-1 would be its second advantage. In addition to buying fewer things (presumably resulting in less plastic trash), you are also (again, theoretically) using less water in the shower.
Dry shampoo is a powder used for dry cleaning. Ordinary shampoo cleans like soap. Because it is stronger than dry shampoo, regular shampoo is more drying.
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what are the units of the rate constant for each of the reactions in table 12.2 in the textbook?
The order of the reaction is a measure of actual moles of reactant taking part in the reaction to form any product. The unit of rate constant are specific for order and type of reaction.
The power dependence of rate on the concentration of all reactants can be used to define the sequence of reaction. For instance, the concentration of one species in a first-order reaction determines the reaction's pace entirely. The number of species whose concentration directly influences the rate of reaction is represented by the order of reactions. It can be found by summing all of the exponents in the rate expression for the concentration terms. The stoichiometric coefficients corresponding to each species in the balanced reaction do not affect the order of the reaction. Chemical reactions are always defined by the concentrations of the reactants, never by the concentrations of the products.
Hence, rate constant unit depend on the order of the reaction.
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what stereoisomers are obtained when (s)-3-methyl-1-pentene reacts with cl2?
The stereoisomers obtained when (S )-3-methyl-1-pentene reacts with are (2S ,3S )-1,2-dichloro-3-methylpentane and (2R ,3S )-1,2-dichloro-3-methylpentane.
In stereochemistry, stereoisomerism is a kind of isomerism in which molecules have the same chemical formula and sequence of connected atoms but differ in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space.
When various groups of molecules connected to a central core have different relative orientations, stereoisomers develop. R-thalidomide and S-thalidomide are stereoisomers. Enantiomers are mirror images of one another that cannot be overlaid. Enantiomers that are mirror reflections of one other are referred to as stereoisomers. Diastereomers are also non-superimposable, despite the fact that they are not mirror images of each other. Stereoisomers and Diastereomers are not mirror images of one other.
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How do homologous structures provide evidence that species may be changing over time?
Analogous structures demonstrate that identical selective pressures might result in similar adaptations, whereas homologous structures indicate evidence for shared ancestry.
With an example, what is homologous series?A group of chemical compounds with the same functional group is referred to as a homologous series. As a result of sharing an active group, the molecules have comparable chemical characteristics. The homologous series often includes alkanes, cycloalkanes, and alkenes.
What do you mean by homologous?adjective. matching, as in relative position or structure; having the same or a comparable relationship. Similar in origin and structure but perhaps not always in function: A horse's foreleg and a bird's wing are analogous.
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What would be the final temperature of a 50g of 20c water and 50g of 40c water?
The final temperature of the mixture of 20c and 40c water would be 30c.
What is temperature?Temperature is a physical property of matter that quantitatively expresses the common notions of hot and cold.
This is due to the law of conservation of energy, which states that the total energy of a closed system remains constant. The total energy of the two waters together is the same, so the final temperature must be the average of the two. The total mass of the two waters is 100g, and the temperature difference between them is 20c.
So, the final temperature of the mixture is 20c + (20c/100g) x 50g = 30c.
This principle is also known as the "law of mixing temperatures" and is used in many scientific and engineering applications. For example, it is used to calculate the temperature of a mixture of two fluids, or to calculate the cooling of a hot object in a room.
This law can be further extended to mixtures of more than two fluids, as long as the total energy of the system is conserved. This means that the total mass, the specific heat capacity of each fluid, and the temperature of each fluid must all be known in order to calculate the final temperature. This can be a useful tool in engineering applications, such as the cooling of a computer chip or the heating of a room.
In summary, the final temperature of a mixture of two fluids, such as the 50g of 20c and 50g of 40c water, is the average of the two temperatures. The final temperature of the mixture is 30c.
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A forensic scientist is attempting to identify a type of plastic found at a crime scene. What test could she conduct on the plastic to observe its chemical properties?.
By putting acid on the plastic and observe how it reacts, the chemical properties might be discovered.
Acids normally do not cause any reaction with plastics, and due to this reason plastic container are used to store acid.
Describe chemical propertiesChemical properties are those properties that could observed when a substance undergoes chemical change. during chemical properties one substance changes to another substance.
If the atoms of a molecule are rearranged, the substance is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. This would eventually result in the synthesis of a new chemical.
The forensic scientist is now interested in the plastic's chemical composition. reaction of acid and the plastic could be used to do this.
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N each reaction box, place the best reagent or reactant from the list supplied. Stoichiometry is omitted
Stoichiometry is omitted reactant. Reactants are the substances that participate in a chemical reaction. The process by which atoms, the fundamental building blocks of matter.
Rearrange themselves to form new combinations is described by a chemical reaction. Reactants - Reactants are the substances that participate in a chemical reaction. Products - Substances formed as a result of the formation of new bonds in a chemical reaction are referred to as products. As an example: H2 and O2 are reactants in this case because they participate in the chemical reaction. Reactants are the starting materials and appear on the left side of the equation. The products of the reaction are written on the right-hand side of the equation.
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Draw lewis structure for BrF4-b What is the electron-pair geometry for Br in BrF4- ?c What is the the shape (molecular geometry) of BrF4-?
The shape (molecular geometry) [tex]BrF^{-}_{4}[/tex] is square planar.
Start with the tetrafluoroborate ion's Lewis structure, [tex]BrF^{-}_{4}[/tex]. A total of 36 valence electrons will be present in the molecule: 7 from bromine, 7 from each of the four fluorine atoms, and one additional electron to give the ion its negative charge.
For a total of 8 of the 36 valence electrons, the bromine atom will form single bonds with each of the four fluorine atoms. The number of valence electrons needed will increase to 32 since the fluorine atoms will each have three lone pairs connected. On bromine, the remaining 4 valence electrons will be arranged as lone pairs.
Four single bonds and two lone pairs make up the six areas of electron density that surround the bromine atom, making its steric number equal to six.
The molecular geometry will be square planar, or [tex]AX_{4}E_{2}[/tex], according to VSEPR Theory.
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Calculate the approximate initial boiling point (in oc) of a solution of 285 g of magnesium chloride in 2. 0 kg of water. (assume complete dissociation of the salt. ).
The approximate initial boiling point of Magnesium chloride solution is 102.33 [tex]^0 C[/tex].
The boiling point of normal water is 100 [tex]^0 C[/tex]. but due to additon of solvent the boiling point of water increases by Δ[tex]T_b[/tex] and given by:
Δ[tex]T_b[/tex] = [tex]i*k_b*m[/tex]
Where, i is van't Hoff factor
[tex]k_b[/tex] is ebullioscopic constant
m is the molality of the sample
The reaction which involves the addition of magnesium chloride in water is:
[tex]MgCl_2- > Mg^2^+ + 2Cl^-[/tex]
so van't Hoff factor(i) is defined as number of molecules formed after reaction so magnesium chloride complete dissociate to form 1 magnesium ion and 2 chlorine ion so total 3 ions is formed and hence
i(van't Hoff factor) = 3
[tex]k_b[/tex] = 0.52°C/m for water
m = [tex]\frac{m_s_o_l_u_t_e}{molar mass (mgcl_2)} * \frac{1000}{m_s_o_l_v_e_n_t}[/tex]
molar mass([tex]mgcl_2[/tex]) = 95.211 [tex]\frac{g}{mole}[/tex]
m= [tex]\frac{285}{95.211} *\frac{1000}{2000}[/tex]
=> 2.9933*0.5
so m= 1.49 M
Δ[tex]T_b[/tex] = [tex]i*k_b*m[/tex]
=> 3 * 0. 52 *1.49 [tex]^0C[/tex]
=> 2.33 [tex]^0C[/tex]
Δ[tex]T_b[/tex] = T - 100 [tex]^0C[/tex]
T = Δ[tex]T_b[/tex] + 100
so T = 102.33 [tex]^0C[/tex]
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What is the atmospheric pressure if the partial pressures of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon are 77.75 kPa,
19.94 kPa, and 1.999 kPa, respectively?
Answer:
The answer is P(AR) 27Kpa
How many Mg atoms are found in 1.00 mole of Mg?
The number of the Mg atoms are present in the Mg ( magnesium ) in the 1.00 mole of the Mg with molar mass of 24.30 amu is the 6.023 × 10²³ atoms.
The molar mass of the Mg = 24.03 amu
The atomic number of the Mg = 12
the number of moles is given below :
number of moles = mass / molar mass
1 mole of the Mg is equals to the 6.023 × 10²³ atoms.
1 mole of Mg = 6.023 × 10²³ Mg of atoms.
Thus, the 1 mole of Mg contains 6.023 × 10²³ Mg of atoms.
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Question 16 of 30
The graph below shows how the temperature and volume of a gas vary when
the number of moles and the pressure of the gas are held constant. What
happens to the temperature of a gas as its volume increases?
A. The temperature decreases.
OB. The temperature doubles.
OC. The temperature increases.
D. The temperature remains the same.
The temperature of a gas as the volume of the gas increases and the temperature also rises.
Explain about the pressure?A location inside a gas experiences pressure in all directions. The pressure force at a gas' surface acts perpendicular to the surface. If the gas is moving overall, the measured pressure will differ according to the motion's direction.
The force that is dispersed over a unit area per time perpendicular to an object's surface.
Pressure is the term for the physical force that is exerted on an object. The force is applied perpendicularly to the objects' surfaces per unit area. F/A is the basic formula for pressure (Force per unit area). Pressure is measured in Pascals (Pa). There are four distinct types of pressure: gauge, absolute, ambient, and differential.
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how would the concentration change if a 1.0 l flask of 1.0 m nacl were left uncapped on a laboratory bench for several days. why?
The concentration progressively increased as the water from the solution evaporated. This is because the amount in the flask would stay the same but the amount of water would decrease.
How would you make a 1 M NaCl solution in 1 litre?The atomic weight of sodium chloride (NaCl) is 58.44, which equals 58.44 grammes. If you mix 1 litre of finished solution with 58.44g of NaCl.
How does a 1.0% solution of NaCl dissolve?One gramme of solute is present in a 100 milliliter final volume one percent solution. For instance, a 1% NaCl solution is made by dissolving 1 g of sodium chloride in 100 ml of distilled water.
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How do the atoms share electrons in molecule formation so that each atom appears to have a noble gas electron configuration? describe an example.
An essential component of chemistry are atoms. Covalent bond are necessary for atoms to reach the noble gas configuration because sharing electrons makes them stable.
A covalent bond is a type of chemical relationship where the atoms share electron pairs in order to create a compound or molecule.
Covalent bonding happens when atoms share electron pairs. Atoms join together through covalent bonds to form a full electron shell, which boosts stability. By sharing their outermost (valence) electrons, atoms can fill out their outer electron shell and become stable. Even though it's a frequent misconception, atoms don't always disperse their electrons equally when they establish covalent connections.
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How many grams of sucrose should be dissolved in 100g water in order to produce a solution?
To determine the amount of sucrose that should be dissolved in 100g water to produce a solution, you must refer to the solubility of sucrose.
What is solution?Solution is an answer or a set of answers to a problem or question. It is typically a result of problem-solving that can be logical, practical, or creative. Solutions are often developed through discussion, brainstorming, and collaboration in order to develop the best possible outcomes. Solutions are often unique, and the process of finding them can be complex.
The solubility of sucrose at room temperature is approximately 186 grams of sucrose per 100g of water. Therefore, to produce a solution, 186g of sucrose should be dissolved in 100g of water.
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Assertion: An object floats if it displaces an amount of liquid whose weight is greater than the actual weight of the object.
Reason: During floatation an object experiences no net force in the downward direction.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true
Based on the assertion and the reason regarding the weight of an object and upthrust experienced by the body in a fluid; Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
The correct option is A.
What is the principle of floatation?The principle of floatation states that an object will float in a fluid if the upthrust that is experienced by the object is equal to or greater than the weight of the object.
The upthrust experienced by a body is the upward force that a liquid or gas exerts on a body floating in it.
Upthrust on a body depends on the acceleration due to gravity, the density of the liquid, and the volume of the body immersed in the liquid.
The weight of a body is the force of gravity acting on the body. The weight of a body acts downward.
Thus in a fluid, the weight of an object acts downward while the upthrust on the object acts in an upward direction.
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during glycolysis two moles of are generated for one mole of glucose? a) glycerate-1,3 bisphosphate b) glycerate-3-phosphate c) phosphoenolpyruvate d) all of the above are correct e) none of the above are correct
All of the aforementioned are incorrect if glycolysis produces two moles of for every mole of glucose.
D is the ideal choice.
What creates two molecules during glycolysis?Firstly, glycolysis yields two ATP, two NADH, and two pyruvate molecules. The aerobic catabolic breakdown of glucose known as glycolysis yields energy in the form of ATP, NADH, and pyruvate, which then enters the citric acid cycle to yield more energy.
From 2 moles of glucose, how many ATP are produced?76 ATP molecules can therefore be produced from two glucose molecules. Glycolysis. Two moles of ATP are created anaerobically for every mole of glucose.
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Who introduced the symbols we use in chemistry today?
J.J. Berzelius, a Swedish scientist, advocated in 1813 that chemical symbols be based on the Latin names of the elements; by the middle of the 19th century, this idea had gained widespread acceptance.
How did the symbols come to be?Symbols for chemical elements are abbreviated notations that are derived from their scientific names, such as S for sulfur and Si for silicon. Sometimes the sign comes from the Latin term; for example, Au stands for aurum, or gold, and Na stands for natrium, or sodium.
What year did symbols begin?Ancient beings first began scratching lines and hashtag patterns onto red rocks in a South African cave over 100,000 years ago. Such craftsmanship has been claimed as the first indication that our species was capable of producing symbols—clear signs that stand for a particular meaning—and as such, proof of a developed mind.
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What elements can bond with oxygen?
With the exception of the noble gases helium, neon, argon, and krypton, oxygen is reactive and will produce oxides with all other elements.
Can elements and oxygen combine?When an element interacts with oxygen, a variety of oxidation states and potential chemical compounds can result. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are just two biological activities that involve oxygen in numerous reactions.
How many different substances can oxygen connect with?Oxygen can only generate two bonds because it needs two additional electrons to complete its octet, after which it will run out of empty orbitals in which to receive additional electrons and create additional bonds. Oxygen and sodium will combine to generate an ionic compound.
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Draw the major organic product of the reaction shown. HI OH
There are so many types of chemical reaction reaction like combination reaction, double displacement reaction, nucleophilic substitution reaction etc. Therefore, the major organic product of the reaction shown is 2-Iodo-2,3-dimethylbutane.
What is nucleophilic substitution reaction?
One nucleophile substitutes another in a family of organic reactions known as nucleophilic substitution reactions.
SN1 stands for nucleophilic substitution reaction. Leaving group, a nucleophile, electrophile and a solvent are present. The first step is the slowest because a bond is being broken to form carbocation by the attack of hydrogen ion from the HI acid. Then carbocation rearrangement takes place. Attack of iodide ion to form product 2-Iodo-2,3-dimethylbutane.
Therefore, the major organic product of the reaction shown is 2-Iodo-2,3-dimethylbutane.
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What is the freezing point of 0.20 M sucrose?
The freezing point of sucrose solution is −0.372∘C
What is freezing point?
When the temperature of a liquid falls below its freezing point, it transforms into a solid. According to the internationally accepted definition, freezing is the solidification phase change of a liquid or the liquid content of a substance caused by cooling.
Most substances have the same melting and freezing points; however, certain substances have different solid-liquid transition temperatures. Agar, for example, exhibits hysteresis in its melting and freezing points. It melts at 85 °C (185 °F) and solidifies at 32 °C to 40 °C (89.6 °F to 104 °F).
Hence, the freezing point of sucrose solution is −0.372∘C
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Part B beryllium and iodine Express your answer as a chemical formula. ΑΣφ h t o ? ха x) a 5 1 5 * x A chemical reaction does not occur for this question. Use subscripts to represent the number of each type of atom or ion in a molecule. Review how to insert subscripts and more No credit lost. Try again Submit Previous Answers Request Answer Part D calcium and iodine Express your answer as a chemical formula. O ΑΣΦ - t ? ха a b xo a b 个 х X A chemical reaction does not occur for this question. Submit Previous Answers Request Answer
Beryllium and iodine do not react to form a compound. The chemical formula for beryllium is Be and the chemical formula for iodine is I. Calcium and iodine can react to form calcium iodide, which has the chemical formula CaI2.
In a chemical reaction, atoms can rearrange themselves to form new compounds by bonding together. The number and type of atoms in the reactants (the starting substances) must be balanced with the number and type of atoms in the products (the substances formed in the reaction). This balance is expressed through the use of chemical formulas.
In the case of beryllium and iodine, there is no chemical reaction that occurs between these two elements. Therefore, the chemical formula for this combination would simply be the symbols for beryllium (Be) and iodine (I) side by side, with no subscripts or other notation indicating a chemical bond between them.
On the other hand, calcium and iodine can react to form calcium iodide, which is a compound made up of calcium and iodine atoms bonded together. The chemical formula for calcium iodide is CaI2, which indicates that there is one calcium atom (represented by the symbol Ca) and two iodine atoms (represented by the symbol I) in each molecule of calcium iodide. The subscript "2" after the symbol for iodine indicates that there are two iodine atoms present.
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a photon with energy 2.92 ev is absorbed by a hydrogen atom. (a) find the minimum n for a hydrogen atom that can be ionized by such a photon. 3 correct: your answer is correct. (b) find the speed of the electron released from the state in part (a) when it is far from the nucleus. incorrect: your answer is incorrect.
The electron will be released from the atom and become ionized if a photon has greater energy than the electron's binding energy.
How much photon energy does a hydrogen atom require to ionize before it leaves its ground state?E1=13.6 eV is the minimal amount of energy needed to break free of the ground state. E 1 = 13.6 e V . Here, E stands for the overall energy needed to ionize an atom of hydrogen.
What energy level does a photon need to be at in order to ionize a hydrogen atom from the n 3 energy level?The formula En=2.181018n2 J/atom denotes the minimal amount of energy required to ionize an electron from a hydrogen atom's nth Bohr orbit in Joules per atom.
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Which of the molecules regulate the enzyme that catalyzes malonyl‑coa synthesis?
a. fatty acids or fatty acyl-CoA
b. carnitine
c. oxaloacetate
d. acetyl-CoA
e. citrate
Acetyl-CoA, the molecules regulate the enzyme that catalyzes malonyl‑coa synthesis.
Acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCs) are the enzymes that catalyze acetyl-CoA carboxylation to create malonyl-CoA. ACC1 and ACC2 are two members of the ACC group in the mammals.
ACC1 is found in the cytosol and it is the first and most important enzyme in the de novo fatty acid production pathway.
ACC2 is found on the outer membrane of mitochondria and produces malonyl-CoA to regulate the activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which is involved in the fatty acid -oxidation.
So, Malonyl-CoA is synthesized from the Acetyl-coA in presence of Acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCs).
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Is it OK to drink out of pewter?
It is advised not to use pewter for hot beverages like tea, coffee, or even hot toddy because pewter melts at a comparatively low temperature compared to other metals.
What is Pewter?Pewter is an alloy mostly composed of tin, with varying quantities of hardening elements such as antimony, bismuth, copper, and lead.Modern pewter is totally safe to use for food and drink. Pewter used to include a little bit of lead, but that hasn't been the case in a very long time. All of our pewter products are made of lead-free pewter, making them suitable for use with food and beverages.Never put anything made of pewter in an oven, on a hot plate, or close to a flame.For more information on pewter kindly visit to
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consider a fuel cell that uses the reaction ch4(g)+2o2(g)→co2(g)+2h2o(l)
The value of E° for the cell reaction is 1.06 V.
The cell reaction is indeed the overall reaction that occurs in the cell, written with the assumption that right hand electrode is indeed the cathode, i.e. that the spontaneous reaction occurs in the right-hand compartment.
The cell would be represented by rule that metals have been written first, followed by metal ions found in the electrolyte. And they must be kept separate by the a vertical line.
Given,
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
ΔG° rn = ΔG° of products - 2ΔG° of reactant
= {ΔG° of CO2 + 2ΔG° of H2O} - {ΔG° of CH4 + 2ΔG° of O2}
={[-394.38 + 2(-237.18)] - [-50.85 + 2(0)]}
= -817.89 KJ/mole
We know that,
ΔG° = -nFE° cell
⇒ E° cell = ΔG°/-nF
⇒ = (-817.89 x 10^3 j/mole) / 8 x 96500
E° cell = 1.06 V
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which point on the potential energy diagram corresponds to the species below for the reaction of 2-methylpropene with hydrogen chloride?
The point B is the diagram in which it has the Highest maximum energy level shown Here For the reaction of 2-methylpropene with hydrogen chloride.
The least strong conformation is the eclipsed conformation in which the methyl and the hydrogen atom are gift near every different and enjoy pressure repulsion on every different.
This ends in steric difficulty and makes the molecule unstable.Isobutylene (or 2-methylpropene) is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula (CH3)2C=CH2. It is a 4-carbon branched alkene (olefin), one of the 4 isomers of butylene.2−methyl propene is greater reactive with HCl than propene as the +I impact of methyl businesses makes double bond greater electron wealthy and for the duration of electrophilic addition, a tertiary carbocation intermediate is received that's greater strong than secondary carbocation intermediate.
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Draw a Lewis structure for NHF2 in which the central N atom obeys the octet rule, and answer the following questions based on your drawing.The number of unshared pairs (lone pairs) on the central N atom is:The central N atom forms ______ single bonds.The central N atom forms ______ double bonds.Draw a Lewis structure for CO2 in which the central C atom obeys the octet rule, and answer the following questions based on your drawing.The number of unshared pairs (lone pairs) on the central C atom is:The central C atom forms ____ single bonds.The central C atom forms ____ double bonds.
The formation of molecule can easily be shown by drawing Lewis dot structure. Since atom's Lewis dot structure has three dots. Therefore, the number of unshared electron on N is 2 and shared electrons is 6.
What is Lewis dot structure?Lewis dot structure is a way to represent the valence electron of an element in the form of dot. These are mainly beneficial in understanding the chemical formula of covalent compound.
In compound NHF[tex]_2[/tex], N belongs to group 15 with 5 electrons. 3 electrons will be used in making bond with one electron of F and one electron of H. Now 2 electrons are left on the N. So now N has 1 lone pair and 3 bond pair. The geometry will be tetrahedral and shape will be pyramidal.
Therefore, the number of unshared electron on N is 2 and shared electrons is 6.
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What are the 5 valence electrons?
Explanation:
Elements that have five valence electron are the group 15 element's. Those elements includes Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Arsenic(Ar) and Antimony (Ab).
Why are chemical symbols used in chemistry?
Chemical symbols are used to quickly identify the elements and atoms in a chemical formula and to standardize the "language of science."
What are the benefits of chemical symbols in chemistry?Chemical symbols are useful for describing chemical elements since they save time by allowing you to record chemical formulas without having to type out each element's full name. Numerous molecules, especially organic ones, include atoms from a wide range of various elements.
What purpose does symbol use serve?Symbols, such as gestures, signs, objects, messages, and words, help people to grasp that world. They offer widely accepted meanings that act as guides for comprehending experiences and are shared by groups.
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The structures of two allotropes of carbon are represented above. Which of the following statements best helps explain why diamond is much harder than graphite?
answer choices
Diamond contains covalent bonds, whereas graphite contains ionic bonds.
Diamond contains ionic bonds, whereas graphite contains covalent bonds.
Carbon atoms in diamond have four covalent bonds, whereas graphite is made of layers that are held together by relatively weak dispersion forces.
Carbon atoms in diamond have a sea of mobile electrons that make the structure strong, whereas graphite does not contain delocalized electrons.
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What are allotropes?
Allotrope or allotropism is the property of some chemical elements existing in two or more different forms in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the element. Allotropes are different structural modifications of an element. Atoms of elements are connected to each other in different ways. Examples of carbon allotropes include diamond (carbon atoms bonded together to form a cubic tetrahedral lattice), graphite (carbon atoms bonded together in layers in a hexagonal lattice), graphene (individual layers of graphite), and fullerenes (these where the carbon atoms are bonded in a spherical, tubular, or ellipsoidal fashion).
The term allotrope is used only for elements, not for compounds. A more general term used for any chemical compound is polymorphism, but its use is usually limited to solid materials such as crystals. Allotropes refer only to different forms of an element within the same physical phase (state of matter such as solid, liquid, or gas). Differences in these states of matter are not the only examples of allotropes. Allotropes of chemical elements are often called polymorphs or phases of the element.
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