During the production of paper, use a mild base such as calcium or magnesium bicarbonate to neutralize the natural acids occurring in wood pulp, and prevent the formation of additional acids.
What is acid-free paper?Acid-free paper is paper if soaked in water, gives a neutral or basic pH. The production of such paper can be done from any cellulose fiber as long as the active acid pulp is removed during processing. Acid-free paper is a solution to the problem of preserving documents and preserving artwork for long periods.
The wood pulp paper becomes to be acidic from alum-rosin sizing which, generates sulfuric acid in the presence of moisture. Acids also are formed in a paper by the absorption of pollutants such as mainly sulfur and nitrogen oxides.
The addition of bicarbonate is in excess, to provide the paper with an alkaline reserve to offer protection from further attack by acids remaining in the paper.
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if a star close to earth si 6.78 light years away, how many years does it take for this star's light to reach earth
The time (in years) taken for the star's light to reach the earth, given it is 6.78 light years away is 6.78 years
How do I determine the time?From the definition 6.78 light years speed, we can obtain a formula to calculate time. This is illustrated below:
Speed = distance / time
Cross multiply
Speed × time = distance
Divide both side speed
Time = distance / speed
With the above formula, we can determine the time.
The following data were obtained from the question give above:
Distance = 6.78 light yearsSpeed of light in space = 3×10⁸ m/s = 1 Light year/yearTime =?Time = distance / speedTime = distance / speed
Time = 6.78 / 1
Time = 6.78 years
Thus, we can conclude that the time required is 6.78 years
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an orbital is described by combining the n quantum number with the quantum number, for example, 1s and 3p are descriptions of orbitals. group of answer choices true false
Yes, the given statement is true that an orbital is described by combining the n quantum number with the l quantum number, for example, 1s and 3p are descriptions of orbitals.
Quantum numbers are those numbers that are used to identify and describe the distribution and position of an electron in an atom.
In general, quantum numbers are classified as principal (n), angular (l) and magnetic (m) and consist of integers starting from 0, 1, 2, 3 and so on.
The estimated values for the principal quantum i.e. 'n' are 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on.
Similarly, for angular quantum numbers i.e. 'l' the values range between 0 and n - 1.
Orbitals are found in sub-shells and are made up of these quantum numbers i.e. n and l.
A two-digit code is assigned to an orbital e.g. 2p or 4f. Here 'n' is the shell whose value is 2 and 4 and 'p' and 'f' are subshells.
If we combine the abovementioned quantum numbers then we see that for shell n= 3 there will be three subshells 3s, 3p, and 3d orbitals.
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write a net iconic equation for the reaction that occurs when strong base (use oh−oh− for strong base) is added to a buffer made from acetic acid (ch3coohch3cooh) and sodium acetate (ch3coonach3coona)
The net ionic reaction equation for the change that happens when strong base is added to this buffer looks like this:
CH₃COOH(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → CH₃COO⁻(aq) + H₂O(l)
To solve this problem, we need to consider what will happen when a strong base is added to a buffer solution made from acetic acid and sodium acetate. All buffers have a basic and an acidic component. In this one the acidic component is, obviously, acetic acid, a weak acid.
When making a buffer based on a weak acid, the basic component is usually a salt of that acid, in this case, sodium acetate.
When a strong base is added to the buffer, it will dissociate to yield the metal cation and the OH⁻ anion. The basic OH⁻ anion will interact with the acidic component, neutralizing it and forming the acetate ion and water.
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Pick the odd one out -:
milk, ink, salt and carbon dioxide
Answer:
salt
Explanation:
cause salt is a solid item
If something is renewable, then it can be used carelessly. True or false
If three quarters of the elements are metals how are the remaining elements categorize?
Answer: The elements with properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals are called semimetals (or metalloids).
5. Describe A ruler is on the table with the
higher numbers to the right. An ant
crawls along the ruler from 6 cm to 2 cm
in 2 seconds. Describe the ant's distance,
speed, and velocity
The distance the ant would have covered crawling from 6 cm to 2 cm on ruler scale would be 4 cm and the speed would be 2 cm/s.
What is distance , speed and velocity and how it comes out to be so?Speed is a quantity which depicts the distance travelled per unit time of a period given.Distance is also a scalar quantity which represents the product of speed and time .Velocity is a vector quantity which is measured as the displacement per unit time.Here the ant covered from 6 cm to 2 cm , so distance covered would be 6 -4 = 2 cm.And speed = 4/2 = 2 cm/sec , hence the speed of the ant covering 4 cm distance on the ruler scale would be 2 cm/sec.To know more about distance visit:
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what is the net ionic equation for CrCl3 + Ba(NO3)2
Answer:
[tex]3Ba^{2+}\text{ + 6Cl}^-\text{ }\rightarrow\text{ 3BaCl}_{2(s)}[/tex]Explanation:
Here, we want to write the net ionic equation
We start by writing the complete equation of reaction:
[tex]2CrCl_3\text{ + 3Ba\lparen NO}_3)\placeholder{⬚}_2\rightarrow3BaCl_{2(s)}\text{ + 2Cr\lparen NO}_3)\placeholder{⬚}_3[/tex]Now, we write out the ions as follows:
[tex]2Cr^{3+}\text{ + 6Cl}^-\text{ + 3Ba}^{2+}\text{ + 3NO}_3^-\text{ }\rightarrow\text{ 3BaCl}_2\text{ + 2Cr}^{3+}\text{ + 3NO}_3^-[/tex]The Chromium and Nitrate ions are spectator ions
Thus, we have:
[tex]3Ba^{2+}\text{ + 6Cl}^-\text{ }\rightarrow\text{ 3BaCl}_2[/tex]What is the wavelength of a wave with a frequency of 105.7 x 10^6 Hz *
our answer
2.83 lamda is the wavelength of a wave with a frequency of 105.7 x10^6 Hz in here.
What is wavelength , frequency, and what is the wavelength?Wavelength is the measure of the distance of the light wave in a medium provided or the target object is emitting light in.Frequency is generally the number of oscillations per second and is in inverse relation with wavelength .Here in this question is given the frequency of the wave 105.7 x 10^6 Hz and the wavelength is asked.We will use the equation c= frequency x lamda , and which will imply wavelength = speed of light / frequency = 3 x 10^8 / 105.7 x10^6= 2.83 Lambda.Hence the wavelength of the wave with frequency 105.7 x 10^6 is 2.83 lamda.To know more about wavelength visit:
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How can you use different properties and changes to identify a chemical substance? Choose all that apply.
Specific pure substances have their own unique properties.
When separating mixtures, you can use their properties to determine what separation technique is needed.
You can compare properties and changes of an unknown substance to a known one to see if they are the same or different.
Different substances will have different properties and will change in different ways.
You can create classifications of substances based on their properties and/or changes.
We can use different properties and changes to identify a chemical substance through the following below:
Specific pure substances have their own unique properties.When separating mixtures, you can use their properties to determine what separation technique is needed.You can compare properties and changes of an unknown substance to a known one to see if they are the same or different.Different substances will have different properties and will change in different ways.You can create classifications of substances based on their properties and/or changes.What is a Chemical substance?This is referred to as a type of substance which has a definite composition and properties and it is based on different factors.
Pure substances have their own unique properties and a mixture can be separated by using the right techniques through this which is why all is the correct choice.
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How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis similar?
Both processes break down glucose.
Both processes create food for organisms.
Both processes produce waste.
Both processes take place in chloroplasts.
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis similar is both processes break down glucose
Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose and glucose is used as food by the plant and oxygen in a byproduct whereas cellular respiration converts oxygen and glucose into water and carbon dioxide and both processes break down glucose and both are processes within the cell which make chemical energy available for life
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NASA communicates with the Space Shuttle and International Space Station using Ku-band microwave radio. Suppose NASA transmits a microwave signal to the Space Shuttle using radio waves with a frequency of . Calculate the wavelength of these radio waves.
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
The wavelength of these radio waves with a frequency 18GHz is equal to 0.0167m.
What is microwave communication?Microwave transmission is the method of transmission of information by electromagnetic waves that lie in the microwave range (1 m - 1 mm) of the electromagnetic spectrum. Microwave signals are limited to the line of sight, so long-distance transmission using these signals needs a series of repeaters to create a microwave relay network.
The relationship between wavelength (λ) and frequency (ν) can be expressed as follow:
λ = c/ν
Given, the frequency of the radio wave = 18GHz
The frequency in (per second) = 18 × 10⁹ s⁻¹
The wavelength of the radiowaves, λ = c/ν
where c is the speed of light and has a value of 3× 10⁸ m/s.
λ = c/ν = 3× 10⁸ m/s./ 18 × 10⁹ s⁻¹
λ = 0.0167 m
Therefore, the wavelength of these radio waves is equal to 0.0167m.
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Your question was incomplete, most probably the complete question was,
NASA communicates with the Space Shuttle and International Space Station using Ku-band microwave radio. Suppose NASA transmits a microwave signal to the Space Shuttle using radio waves with a frequency of 18GHz. Calculate the wavelength of these radio waves.
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
A piece of aluminium foil is 8.0×1^-5cm thick . what is its thickness in micrometers?
Answer: 80000 micrometers
hope i helped
whats the wavelength of the radiation with a frequency of 6.00 x 10^15 Hz
Given Data:
Frequency of radiation = 6.00 x [tex]10^{15}[/tex] Hz
The relationship between frequency and wavelength is expressed by the formula , c = λν, where λ is the wavelength of the radiation,
ν is the frequency of the radiation, c is the velocity of light in free space.
c =3 x [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s , ν = 6.00 x [tex]10^{15}[/tex] Hz
Then , wavelength of the radiation is , λ = [tex]\frac{c}{v}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{3X10^{8} }{6X10^{15} }[/tex] = 0.5 x [tex]10^{-7}[/tex] m
= 50 nm.
Hence, the radiation with a frequency will have a wavelength of 50 x [tex]10^{-9}[/tex] m = 50 nm.
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what charge ion would be expected for an element that has these ionization energies? ie1 (kj/mol) 500 ie2 (kj/mol) 1000 ie3 (kj/mol) 9000 ie4 (kj/mol) 10,000 ie5 (kj/mol) 11,020 ie6 (kj/mol) 13.160 ie7 (kj/mol) 17870 ie8 (kj/mol) 23600
500 ie2 (kj/mol) would be expected for an element.
The value of IE2 (second ionization energy) is 16 times more than IE1(first ionization energy). So, the elements easily release outer most one electron as the IE1 value is low. But, it is very reluctant to release second electron which reflected in the IE2 value. Therefore, the element will form 1+ ion.
What is ionization energy?
Ionization energy may be defined simply as a measurement of how difficult it is to remove an electron from an atom or ion or of an atom's or ion's propensity to give up an electron. Usually, when a chemical species is in its ground state, an electron is lost.
As an alternative, we might say that ionization or ionization energy is a measurement of the intensity of the attractive forces that hold an electron in a certain location.
Therefore, 500 ie2 (kj/mol) is the answer.
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Which part of the hydrocarbon name tells you the bonds found between carbon atoms in the molecule?
A.the prefix
B. the ending
C. the leading numbers
D. the ending numbers
The ending or suffix of the hydrocarbon name tells the bonds found between carbon atoms in the molecule. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What are hydrocarbons?Hydrocarbons are entirely made up of only two kinds of atoms which are carbon and hydrogen. Hydrocarbons are typically colorless gases and weak odors. Hydrocarbons can be relatively complex structures and can be classified into four subcategories, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
Hydrocarbons such as propane and butane are used for commercial fuel purposes in the form of LPG and the molecular formula for the compounds is CxHy.
In the nomenclature of hydrocarbons, the suffix of the name indicates what type of bond is present between the atoms. If all carbon atoms have a single covalent bonds then the suffix is "ane". If one or more carbon-carbon double bonds are present then the suffix is "ene". If the triple bond is present then the suffix in the name of the hydrocarbon is "yne".
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ANSWER QUICKLY calcium carbide reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide and acetylene gas according to the reaction below what mass of Cac2 is used when 2.00 moles of water react
Answer: Calcium carbide (CaC2) reacts with water to produce acetylene (C₂H₂):. CaC2 (s) + 2H2O (g) → Ca(OH)2 (s) + C₂H₂ (g).
which reaction takes place in the catalytic converter of an automobile? group of answer choices conversion of co2 to co conversion of no to n2 and o2 conversion of n2 and o2 to no2 conversion of so2 to s and o2
The conversion of NO to N2 is the reaction that takes place in the catalytic converter of an automobile.
To minimize harmful pollutants, catalytic converters use redox (reduction and oxidation) reactions. They make use of a platinum and rhodium-based reduction catalyst. It helps to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) by eliminating nitrogen atoms from nitrogen oxide molecules (NO and NO2).Thus, oxygen gas can be created from free oxygen (O2)Another illustration of surface catalysis is the catalytic converter, in which the reactant molecules are adsorbed onto a solid surface before they react with the catalyst to create the product. The surface area of the catalyst in contact with the reactants influences the rate of a surface-catalyzed reaction.To learn more about catalytic converter visit:
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Using the average atomic masses for each of the following elements calculate the mass in AMU of each of the following samples
Calculate the mass, in amu, of 278 atoms of Li.
1) We need to find Li (Lithium) in the periodic table.
1) The atomic mass of Lithium is 6.94 u.
[tex]\text{The mass of Lithium sample=}\frac{6.94\text{ u of Lithium}}{1\text{ mole of Lithium}}\cdot\frac{1\text{ mole of Lithium}}{6.022\cdot10^{23}\text{ atoms of Lithium}}[/tex]2) We can cancel some units and rearrange the equation.
[tex]\text{Lithium sample = }\frac{6.94\text{ u of Lithium}}{6.022\cdot10^{23}\text{ atoms of Lithium}}[/tex]3) Multiply the equation above by the number of atoms
[tex]\text{Lithium Sample = }\frac{6.94\text{ u of Lithium}}{6.022\cdot10^{23}\text{ atoms of Lithium}}\cdot\frac{278\text{ atoms of Lithium}}{\square}\text{ = 3.20}\cdot10^{-21}\text{ u of Lithium}[/tex]The mass of 278 atoms of Lithium is 3.20*10^-21 u
an aqueous solution of hydrobromic acid is standardized by titration with a 0.162 m solution of barium hydroxide. if 29.3 ml of base are required to neutralize 25.9 ml of the acid, what is the molarity of the hydrobromic acid solution? m hydrobromic acid
The molarity of hydrobromic acid is 0.2909 M and molarity of barium hydroxide is 0.1517 M.
The balanced chemical reaction of hydrobromic acid(HBr) and barium hydroxide(Ba(OH)2) is :2HBr(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq) BaBr2(aq) + 2H2O(l)
So for every 2 moles of hydrobromic acid (acid) 1 mole of barium hydroxide(base) is used for neutralisation.
It is given that 22.0ml of 0.162M solution of barium hydroxide is used for complete neutralisation So no of millimoles of base used =22*0.162=3.564
Number of millimoles of acid required=2*3.564=7.128
Let x be the molarity of acid.then x multiplied by volume(in ml) would give the number of millimoles as molarity=moles/volume7.128=x*24.5x=0.2909
So molarity of hydrobromic acid is 0.2909 M
The balanced chemical reaction of hydroiodic acid (HCl) and barium hydroxide(Ba(OH)2) is :2HI (aq) + Ba(OH)2 (aq) Bal2(aq) +2H2O(l)
So for every 2 moles of hydroiodic acid (acid) 1 mole of barium hydroxide(base) is used for neutralisation.
It is given that 18.8 ml of 0.197M solution of hydroiodic acid is used for complete neutralisation
So no of millimoles of acid used = 18.8*0.197=3.7036Number of millimoles of base required=3.7036/2=1.8518
Let x be the molarity of base.then x multiplied by volume(in ml) would give the number of millimoles as molarity=moles/volume1.8518=x*12.2x=0.1517So molarity of barium hydroxide is 0.1517 M
Therefore, molarity of hydrobromic acid is 0.2909 M and molarity of barium hydroxide is 0.1517 M.
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consider a gas cylinder containing 0.250 moles of an ideal gas in a volume of 6.00 l with a pressure of 1.00 atm. the cylinder is surrounded by a constant temperature bath at 292.0 k. with an external pressure of 3.00 atm, the cylinder is compressed to 2.00 l. calculate the w(gas) for this compression process, in j.
The work done by the isothermal compression of the gas is -666.7 J.
What is the work done by the compression of the gas in an isothermal process?The work done by the compression of a gas in an isothermal process or at constant temperature is given by the formula below:
Work done, W = nRT ln(Vf / Vi)
where;
Vi = final volume of gas Vf = initial volume of gasFrom the data provided:
number of moles, n = 0.250 moles
Molar gas constant, R = 8.314 J/K/mol
Temperature, T = 292 K
Vf = 2.00 L
Vi = 6.00 L
W = 0.25 * 8.314 * 292 * ln(2/6)
Work done = -666.7 J
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3. There are 2 questions about isotopes.a) If an element has three isotopes with the following characteristics, what is theaverage atomic mass of the element?Isotope #1 is 10.0% abundant and has a mass of 23.8 amu. Isotope #2 is40.0% abundant and has a mass of 24.6 amu. Isotope # 3 has a mass of25.8 amu.b) An isotope has a half life of 5 minutes. How much of a 100 gram sample ofthis isotope is left after 20 minutes?
Question a
Step 1
The average atomic mass of the element is calculated as:
[tex]Average\text{ atomic mass =}\frac{\sum_^(eachmass\text{ }x\text{ }\%abundance\rparen}{100}[/tex]--------------------
Step 2
Information provided:
Isotope 1:
10.0 % abundant and 23.8 amu.
Isotope 2:
40.0 % abundant and 24.6 amu.
Isotope 3:
25.8 amu, the % abundant = 100 % - 10.0 % - 40.0 % = 50.0 %
-----------------------
Step 3
Procedure:
Average atom mass = (10.0% x 23.8 amu + 40.0% x 24.6 amu + 50.0 % x 25.8 amu)/100 = 25.12 amu
Answer: 25.12 amu
The oxidation number of " Z" in sodiumchromite, H₂ZO4, is
Answer:
[tex]Z\text{ = +6}[/tex]Explanation:
Here, we want to get the value of the oxidation number of Z
Generally, hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1, while oxygen has an oxidation number of -2
The total oxidation number is zero
Thus:
[tex]\begin{gathered} 2(+1)\text{ + Z + 4\lparen-2\rparen = 0} \\ 2+Z-8\text{ = 0} \\ Z-6\text{ = 0} \\ Z\text{ = +6} \end{gathered}[/tex]how shielding effect the ionization energy??
Cadmium (Cd) is a solid at room temperature, forms an ion that has a +1 or +2 charge, is a less reactive metal, and forms more than one unique compound with a given nonmetal. Because of these properties, cadmium (Cd) could also be identified as
a halogen.
an alkaline earth metal.
a transition metal.
an alkali metal.
Because of these properties, cadmium (Cd) could also be identified as a transition metal.
Cadmium (Cd) is a solid at room temperature, forms an ion that has a +1 or +2 charge, is a less reactive metal, and forms more than one unique compound with a given nonmetal.
Transition metal, any of various chemical factors which have valence electrons i.e., electrons that can participate inside the formation of chemical bonds in two shells as opposed to simplest one.
Transition metals are determined within the periodic desk among the s-block and p-block elements. Hence, they are known as d-block elements. Transition metals are unstable metals that display transitional conduct between s and p block elements, therefore their name.
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need help on this for science
Answer:
For part A : Length = 3
Width = 3
Height = 4
For part B : on multiplying 3 × 4 × 3 = 36
For part C : Answer = 36
based on the amounts of starting materials used, a chemist calculates a possible yield of 213.4 g213.4 g in a reaction. however, after isolating her purified product, she finds that she has only 198.5 g198.5 g of products. what is her percent yield for this reaction?
The percent yield of this reaction when based on the amounts of starting materials used, a chemist calculates a possible yield of 213.4 g in a reaction and isolating her purified product, she finds that she has only 198.5g of products is 93%
The percent yield is the experimental yield upon theoretical yield divided by 100
The experimental yield is 198.5 g
The theoretical yield is 213.4 g
The percent yield is as follows;
% yield= 198.5 g/213.4= 0.93x100
%yield=93%
The actual yield is the quantity of product that is produced from a certain quantity of reactant.It is a way of measuring the reaction's progress and the products formed in the reaction.To learn more about percent yield visit:
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1) An alloy called nichrome contains the elements chromium and nickel. 100g of nichrome contains 20g of chromium. How much nickel does it contain?
2) Why does bronze not rust?
3) Complete the equation: iron + copper sulphate = ____ + ____
Assume that the given alloy nichrome is pure of nickel and chromium then, if 100 g of nichrome contains 20 g of chromium , remaining is nickel thus, it contains 80 g of nickel.
Bronze hardly rust because the iron content in this alloy is very less. The reaction iron + copper sulphate gives iron sulphate + copper.
What is an alloy?An alloy is a metallic substance made of two or more metals. For example nichrome is a combination of nickel and chromium and brass is a combination of copper and zinc.
If the 100 g of nichrome with 20 g of chromium purely contains nickel and chromium then, it contains 100-20= 80 g of nickel.
Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin. Rust is iron oxide and since bronze contains only traces of iron hence, it hardly undergo corrosion and form rust.
Iron and copper sulphate reacts to form iron sulphate and metallic copper: iron + copper sulphate [tex]\rightarrow[/tex] iron sulphate+ Cu.
Hence, the mass of 100 g of nichrome with 20g chromium is 80 g. Bronze does not rust because of the small iron content and iron and copper sulphate reacts to give iron sulphate and Cu.
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A tortoise uses its eyes to see something moving nearby. The tortoise feels threatened by the movement. It pulls its head, legs, and tail into its shell. The tortoise's shell is hard and thick. This helps protect the turtle's soft body parts from any danger. Which of these describes a response of the tortoise to sensory information processed by its brain?
A. The tortoises shell is hard and thick.
B. The tortoise pulls its head, legs, and tail into its shell.
C. The tortoises soft body parts are protected from any danger.
D. The tortoise uses its eyes to see something moving nearby.
when 35.0kg of sio2 react with 25.3kg of c, 14.4kg of si are recovered. what is the percent yield for the reaction?
when 35.0kg of sio2 react with 25.3kg of c, 14.4kg of si are recovered.
The percent yield for the reaction is 8.8012%
sio2 + 2c = si + co
moles of sio2 = 35*[tex]10^{3}[/tex] / 600.02 = 582.503mol
moles of c = 25*[tex]10^{3}[/tex] / 12 = 2.1083 kcal
yield = moles of si produced / mole of sio2 used
= 512.72/582.36 * 100
= 8.8012%
chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances the reactants—are changed into one or more additional substances the products. Chemical elements and compounds are both substances. To produce various compounds as products, a chemical reaction rearranges the atoms that make up the reactants.
Technology, culture, and life itself are all influenced by chemical interactions. Numerous activities that involve chemical reactions have been known and used for thousands of years, including burning fuels, smelting iron, creating glass and pottery, brewing beer, and producing wine and cheese. Numerous intricate processes that take place in all living systems, as well as the Earth's geology, atmosphere, and oceans, include chemical interactions.
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