What kind of heritability estimates (broad sense or narrow sense) are obtained from human twin studies?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Broad sense Heritability.

Explanation:

Heritability is the proportion of variance, in a particular population, that is due to genetic factors and not to environmental influences or stochastic variation.

We have,

Narrow sense heritability’ (h2)which is the proportion of trait variance that is due to additive genetic effects while

‘broad sense heritability’ (H2) is the proportion of trait variance that is due to all genetic factors including dominance and gene-gene interactions.

For twin studies, the total variance can be split up into genetic, shared or common environmental, and unique environmental components this enables an accurate estimation of heritability"

Broad sense heritability is mostly measured for twin due to their genetic components and additivity gene action, environment and most likely cause of difference in case of dissimilarity among Identical twin.

Fraternal or dizygotic twins on average share half their genes (and so identical while monozygotic (MZ) twins on average are twice as genetically similar as DZ twins.


Related Questions

Which feedback mechanism does your body use to maintain homeostasis when you eat too much salt?

Answers

One example of our body maintaining homeostasis is by our internal body temperature helping our body sweat . Homeostasis is also maintained by negative feedback loop.

How many countries in sub-Saharan Africa are considered to have high levels of development?

A. none
B. one
C. five
D. more than ten

Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
B
C
D

Answers

Answer:

the answer is A

Explanation:

The answer is A: none

The United States' involvement in the Gulf War was in response to which of the following events?
Group of answer choices

Iraq's invasion of Saudi Arabia

Iran's invasion of Saudi Arabia

Iraq's invasion of Kuwait

Iran's invasion of Kuwait

Answers

Answer:

In August 1990, Iraq invaded the country of Kuwait to its southeast in a bid to gain more control over the lucrative oil supply of the Middle East. In response, the United States and the UN Security Council demanded that Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein withdraw Iraqi troops from Kuwait, but Hussein refused

Main answer:-

Iraq's invasion of Kuwait

what are the names of the five oceans and seven continents?​

Answers

Answer:

7 continents (North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Antarctica), the 5 oceans (Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, Indian, Southern)

Explanation:

Answer:

The 7 continents of the world are North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. The 5 oceans of the world are the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean. The 7 continents of the world are North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. The 5 oceans of the world are the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean.

Explanation:

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What programs did the Brazilian government create in the 1990s to reduce poverty and child labor in the country? How successful were these programs?

Answers

Answer:

Brazil has reduced the poverty and child labor by implementing various social programs. Up to 2001, the extension of the rural social security program gave benefits to almost 6.6 million people in the form of a 5 billion $ per year.

Furthermore the brazil government controlled the inflation rate through  a combination of de-indexation of labor contracts and an exchange-rate based stabilization policy, known as the Real Plan in 1994.  

Explanation:

answer

Answer:

Brazil created two programs that distributed cash to poor families in exchange for their children leaving the workforce and staying in school. The two programs, Bolsa Familia and the Program to Eradicate Child Labor (PETI), have been very successful. 40 million families have been lifted out of poverty. On average, children in Brazil receive twice as many years of schooling today as they did in the 1990s. In addition, the number of child workers has been cut in half.

Explanation:

Sample Response.

\ what is the meaning of symbol

Answers

slash for dividing or ''or''

Using complete sentences, explain the difference between the major economic activities of Western Europe and those of Eastern Europe. Please hurry

Answers

The main difference between the Western and Eastern Europeans economic activities is that Westerns economic activities are already well developed while Eastern Europe’s economic activities are developing.

Answer:

Studies have shown that the European Union is the leading region of automobile manufacturing in the world. It is estimated that 34% of the world's vehicles are manufactured in Europe. The European aeronautics industry develops and manufactures civilian and military aircraft, helicopters, drones, as well as other related systems and equipment. European industry is a global leader in the production of chemicals; Includes 27% of total world production. The leader in this area is the country of Germany, followed by France, Italy, and the United Kingdom.  

Explanation:

its not totally correct but its correct enough to get it right

you can mark brainlist if you want but you don't have too (っ^◡^)っ ❤

How could a photograph be compared to a fossil? Give one way they are similar and one way they are different.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation: A fossil is old and is part of history and an old picture can be to which is how they can be the same, but fossils are millions and millions of years old and they obviously didn't have cameras back then which means that a photograph cant be that old.

Jo is in her early forties and is juggling the demands of taking care of her two young children and having to
assist her elderly parents with some daily tasks. She is
O a. facing the demands of the "second shift"
O b. experiencing the "sandwich generation" effect
O c. an example of a "supermom"
O d. experiencing the challenges of cohabitation

Answers

Answer:

It's b

Explanation: She is in her early 40s and taking care of the upbringing of her young children and assisting her aging parents

In the given case, Jo is experiencing the sandwich generation effect.  

• According to the 2007's American Psychological Association, the mothers in the age group of 35-54 experience more stress in comparison to any other age group, this age group is termed as the sandwich generation.  

• They feel stress as they have to equilibrate the delicate and demanding acts of caring for the developing children and their aging parents.  

• It has been found that in this age group, women feel more stress in comparison to men, and they seem to manage their stress very poorly.  

• About 40 percent of the mothers in the age between 35-54 encounter with extreme levels of stress.  

Thus, correct answer is option b, that is, experiencing the sandwich generation effect.

To know more about:

https://brainly.com/question/19122536

what is diffusion and osmosis in science

Answers

Answer:

Diffusion and osmosis are both active transport processes, meaning they require energy provided by the cell to move substances across a cell's membrane. Diffusion refers to the process by which particles flow from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated. Whereas, osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. The overall effect is equalized concentration throughout the medium.

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1. Why were enslaved people under Dutch rule able to access some legal rights, such as owning property, getting married, or petitioning for freedom?

2. What may have been the benefits/ challenges associated with owning land as an emancipated slave?


TEXT: The largest number of New Amsterdam’s enslaved people, including Maria Van Angola, came from the Kingdom of Angola, a major trading ally of Portugal and Holland; they were probably trafficked through the port of Luanda.
We have no portraits or images of the enslaved and free Africans in New Amsterdam, but Dutch and Flemish artists depicted African people from similar backgrounds in the Netherlands in the 1500s and 1600s.
Maria Van Angola’s name suggests that she was born in the kingdom of Angola and came to New Amsterdam on the first shipload of enslaved people in 1626. She originally appears in the historical record in 1640, when she witnessed a baptism in the Dutch Reformed Church. Two years later she had a son named Dominicus baptized there.
The Dutch had no clear laws defining or regulating slavery in the early 1600s. It was unclear what rights enslaved people might have or how they might become free. In this ambiguous situation, Maria Van Angola and others used several strategies to secure rights and freedom for themselves and their families, including legal action, church membership, and control of land.

The Dutch system gave marriages between enslaved people official status. In November 1642, Maria and Anthony Fernando Portuguese, the father of her child, formally married in the Dutch Reformed Church. Anthony had already survived a dangerous brush with the law. Over the next seven years they had five more children and embarked on a long struggle for freedom and security for their family.
Some enslaved people achieved legal standing in Dutch courts; they could own property, work for wages, and sue when they were not paid. In fact, legal records show that Maria’s husband had once sued for damages that a merchant’s dog had done to his pig. Access to the legal system became an important tool for African people in obtaining and defending their freedom.

Some African-Dutch people had already encountered Christianity in Africa, and many joined the Dutch Reformed church in New Amsterdam in hopes of gaining freedom for themselves or their children. Maria Van Angola was an active church member for at least 41 years and acted as a witness for many baptisms.

In 1643, as the colony was at war with the Mohawk nation, the Company emancipated 11 people. Each received a small plot of land (about 5–10 acres) north of the wall on today’s Wall Street, where they could act as a buffer against Native incursions. These Africans were “half-free,” meaning that they were still expected to pay fees to the Company and their children would not be legally free.

Owning land meant more than a farm—it was a key to status as a “freeholder” with political rights. Listed among the original owners of small farms was a woman called “Marycke” who may have been Maria Van Angola. Over the next 19 years, 22 more emancipated people received small land grants as well, including Maria’s husband, Anthony Portuguese, in 1645.
Maria Van Angola took advantage of the openness of the Dutch system. But near the end of Dutch rule, that openness was shutting down. The church began discouraging baptisms of Africans and land grants to Africans became more rare. The English takeover in 1664 shut the system down further, ending land grants, discouraging emancipation, and barring Africans from testifying in court. After the English took over New Amsterdam and named it New York, most of the African landowners sold their small plots or lost them in seizures. The English also clamped down in their control of the enslaved population; unlike Anthony Portuguese who was pardoned in 1641, the suspected leaders of slave revolts in 1712 and 1741 were burned at the stake.

Maria managed to hold on, however. She retained her freedom through the changeover to English rule, and in 1681 she married a second time, this time to Bastiaen Mattheuszen, an African leader. They were listed in the church record as “both living on the great [Hudson] river.”

The record shows that Maria’s adopted daughter, Susanna, held on to the family land until at least 1717. Susanna’s brother, Jochim, became an apprentice, learned to read and write, and joined the Dutch church in Hackensack, NJ. These hints suggest that the next generations continued to benefit from the freedoms that Maria and Anthony had fought for.

Answers

Answer:

1.

"The Dutch had no clear laws defining or regulating slavery in the early 1600s. It was unclear what rights enslaved people might have or how they might become free. In this ambiguous situation, Maria Van Angola and others used several strategies to secure rights and freedom for themselves and their families, including legal action, church membership, and control of land."

According to the text, it had no laws defining/regulating slavery at the time, making it unclear what rights they had. Even if they faced issues, they would still - in all technicality - be able to marry, own property, or petition for their own freedom.

2.

The benefits of owning land was an important part of being a freeholder. This means you would have small land grants and political rights freedom.

"Owning land meant more than a farm--it was a key to status as a “freeholder” with political rights. Listed among the original owners of small farms was a woman called “Marycke” who may have been Maria Van Angola. Over the next 19 years, 22 more emancipated people received small land grants as well, including Maria’s husband, Anthony Portuguese, in 1645."

Not sure if these are right!! Just a small guess, I'm not doing a lesson related to this. I just needed some points. Have a nice day, stay safe! :'}

Explanation:

Explanation:

A Dog asleep in a manger filled with hay, was awakened by the Cattle, which came in tired and hungry from working in the field. ... When he saw how the Dog was acting, he seized a stick and drove him out of the stable with many a blow for his selfish behavior. Moral. Do not grudge others what you cannot enjoy yourself

Which of the following occurred after King Solomon died?
Israel was conquered by the Assyrians.
Judah was conquered by the Babylonians.
The Kingdom was divided by the 12 Hebrew tribes.
All of the Above

Answers

Answer: Israel was conquered by the Assyrians

Explanation:

___________ pipelines carry crude oil from gathering-line concentration points to the oil refineries. a) Product b) Trunk c) Slurry d) Collection

Answers

Answer:

b) Trunk

Explanation:

Trunk pipelines: The term "trunk pipeline" is described as a pipeline that is being utilized to transport natural gas and crude oil within states or across countries. These trunk pipelines are considered as the set of "large diameter" steel pipelines that carry the specific petroleum products across different borders or countries.

In the question above, the given statement represents "trunk pipelines".

The animals are amazed and horrified to see Squealer, then other pigs, walking upright, but once again the bleating of the sheep forestalls any protest. How has their slogan changed?

Answers

Answer:

They changed to "4 legs good, 2 legs better"

Explanation:

This question refers to the book "Animal Farm" where animals, tired of being exploited by human beings, start a revolution to expel humans from the farm where they live and regulate anything that refers to humanity, assuming that everything that walks on two legs and bad.

However, once oppressed, pigs begin to be oppressors and establish a dictatorial system in which they are abusive towards other animals. The pigs are so similar to the human behavior that they criticized so much that they started walking on two hind legs, as erect as the man, they claimed that "4 legs good, 2 legs better".

Which is the best cue in 8 ball pool?​

Answers

Answer:

1. Archon Cue. Archon cue with the full 10 point of Force stat with the combination of 9 Spin point is the best cue in 8 Ball pool game. The design itself reflects the poised and sophisticated image of the cue.

Explanation:

Answer:

.Plasma Cue

Explanation:

whats the differance between longitudtional and transverse waves

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Transverse waves are always characterized by particle motion being perpendicular to wave motion. A longitudinal wave is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction that the wave moves.

Explanation:Transverse waves are always characterized by particle motion being perpendicular to wave motion. A longitudinal wave is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction that the wave moves

What is the similarity between Black Friday and Franksgiving?

Answers

Answer: Both were created in order to boost sales.

Explanation:

The franksgiving arises as an action carried out by Franklin Roosevelt, where he moved Thanksgiving a week earlier to boost sales. Black Friday is a day that opens the Christmas shopping season, where sales are present in retail stores and warehouses.

Both are similar in that discounts are made in order to encourage the customer to buy things that they once wanted but could not because of the price. People also take advantage of buying things wholesale in order to take advantage of it.

According to the graph about ______of GDP was earned in trade in 1993. About_____of GDP was earned in trade in 2013. From 1998 to 2013, the percentage of GDP earned from trade ____.


Please help me

Answers

Answer:

example it maybe the right answer!!!

Share of National Income Earned by Top 1 Percent, Composition of Total R&D Spending as a Share of GDP, U.S. Merchandise and Overall Trade Deficits, 2000–2013. further in 2013, according to every major measure of house prices (Figure. (Berman, Bound, and Griliches 1994; Krueger 1993).

Answer:

<3

Explanation:

Name two things a fossil can show scientists.

Answers

Answer:

it can show an animal that has gone extinct and it can show how old the actual fossil is.

Answer:

Animal and evolution

Explanation:

what did the Warner act of 1935 give to workers​

Answers

Answer:

It gives the right of private sector employees do you organize in the trade unions, engage in collective bargaining, and engage in collective bargaining such as strikes.

Explanation:

The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (also known as the Wagner Act) is a foundational statute of United States labor law which guarantees the right of private sector employees to organize into trade

Which event that involves matter and energy can not be explained?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

I think it’s physics

sorry if it wrong

The _____ amendments of 1970 and 1977 gave the Environmental Protection Agency the power to set air quality standards and to ensure that those standards are achieved according to a timetable prescribed by the agency.

Answers

Answer:

The only thing I can think of is The Clean Air Acts. Although I do not know if that is the answer you are looking for.

I need help on this

Answers

Answer:i cant the photo to answer

Explanation:

Type the correct answer in the box
What weather pattern did Indian farmers depend on to bring water for their crops?
Indian farmers depended on the
to bring water for their crops.



HURRYYY PLEASEEE !!!

Answers

Answer: Monsoon

Explanation:

Answer: Monsoon

Explanation:

Identify all the behaviors below which would generally work to promote wellness: smoking cigarettes exercising regularly becoming emotionally isolated finding a purpose in life having high self-esteem eating well unsafe driving

Answers

Answer:

exercising regularly, finding a purpose in life, having high self-esteem, and eating well

Explanation:

Answer:

B, D, E, F

Explanation:

edge 2023

extravagant expenditure in feast,festival and other occasions obstructs the development of the society.how ?​

Answers

Answer:

The redundant expenditure on festivals or feasts can be used for productive purposes like healthcare, infrastructure, education, saving for an emergency, etc.

Explanation:

As we know, the celebration of any festival causes extravagant and improvident expenditure on the unnecessary arrangement of feasts, new clothes, jewelleries, decorations, and much more. This obstructs the development process of society as it prevents people from investing money into productive purposes like healthcare, education, improving the quality of their life, or saving it for future emergencies. If the lavish expenditure on festivals is prevented, the future of our society can be brighter, safer, and more developed.

It's Your Decision- What Would You Do?
Read the following scenario and address the four questions regarding what you would do in this situation:
Coach Mitchell’s football Wildcats are down 14-12 with one minute to play. The fans scream as Robbie, the Wildcats’ star tailback, makes his way downfield, dodging and spinning his way to the two-yard line. As Robbie gets to his feet, he takes a cheap shot to the kidney of his tackler and spits toward the tackler. Turning around, Robbie sees Coach Mitchell staring directly at him. Both Coach Mitchell and Robbie know that this behavior goes against the coach’s philosophy and team rules. The crowd is going wild in the stands as the referee signals first down; the Wildcats are only two yards away from a win and the teams’ first postseason game in 15 years. How would you respond if you were the coach? Who will be affected by your decision? How will your decision affect Robbie? How will your decision affect the rest of the team?

Answers

If I were the coach....

To me this would be a hard decision to make. The football team, the school, and the community would be affected by this decision if you choose to take Robbie out (and most likely lose the game) or if you keep Robbie in (and most likely win the game). Because as a football coach or any leader in general I would try to be a good example to kids and not support bad behavior, if Robbie's actions go against my philosophy as a coach and my team rules, I would take him out of the game. Though this choice might come with an outcome of losing the game, this experience should teach the football players that I won't reward bad behavior.

What type of rock does the ocean floor consist of?

Igneous granite rock
Sedimentary rock
Igneous basalt rock
Metamorphic rock

Answers

Answer:

sedimentary rocks do

Explanation:

what is international employment.explain it merits and demerits​

Answers

Answer:

International employment refers to finding job position from entities that's located outside your country jurisdiction. You don't have to move to that country to be considered as international workers. Even if you work remotely, you'll still fall to this category as long as the company where you did not belong from your country.

Assuming that you came from more developed country to work in a less developed country,. There are several merits and demerits to this:

Merits

-  t is very unlikely that you'd start at entry level. Most of you will automatically gained high position in company's structure.

- Larger opportunity. You can utilize your business network that came both from your original country and the new country.

Demerits:

- Typically, your salary will be lower compared to someone who work in similar position in your country.

- if you have to move, you'll be Living far away from friends and family.

- You might have troubles communicating with your boss and co-workers.

What are culture
Is culture?

Answers

the arts & other manifestations of human intellectual achievements regarded collectively

Answer:

hi

Culture refers to a set of beliefs, norms, values, behaviors and objects that members of a certain social group or society share, or have in common with each other. A type of culture for instance, can be western culture, which is typically characterized by individuality, modern and developed infrastructure, high literacy levels, etc.

Explanation:

dipolodonculus

Other Questions
Which is a chemical property of soda ash? 97=970=9700=97,000=970,000=9700,000=97,000,000= (ANSWER PLZ! BRAINLIEST) When you graph a proportional relationship explain what happens. Sam wrote on the board counting numbers from 12 to 111:12, 13, 14, ..., 110, 111. How many digits did Sam write? what is autocracy ? who is at home distancing learning Solve and Graph the System of Linear Equations1) 3 X + 2 Y = 4X + 2 Y = -4 What are your favorite chips? I need these answers because im hungry and dont know what to get. Write the equation 2x - 3y= 6 in slope-intercept form.y=2/3 x+3 y=2/3 x-2Y=3/2 x+3 How would you describe the ecosystem of New York City? Which country controlled North Korea when the peninsula was divided? A language that is used to facilitate trade or business between people who speak different languages is a lingua franca.TrueFalse If something's neural center dies, would you classify its cells as dead? How do you figure this out? I am having a hard time. The variables x and y are related to proportionally. When x = 8, y = 20. Find y when x = 80.When x = 80, y What is one reason why some Americans wanted the United States to help Cuban revolu Spain in the late 1890s?A. Americans were afraid the United States could not win the war on its own.B. Americans thought the Cuban revolutionaries wouldn't allow the United States to trade C.Americans feared Spain would become too powerful. D.Americans thought the Cuban people were not ready to govern themselves. The ancient power structures fortified into independent units of strength were called _ Riding an elevator down 3 floors Motion pictures were popular during the Great Depression partly because * 5. Identify the type and subtype of each of the fol-lowing problems.a. Shawn has 15 marbles, which is 7 more mar-bles than Kyle has. How many marbles doesKyle have?b. Tiffany has 12 blocks, 5 of which are cubesand the rest cylinders. How many blocks arecylinders?c. Peter had some carrots. After he ate 3 ofthem, he had 14 carrots left. How many car-rots did Peter have before?d. In a bag of 17 marbles, 9 marbles belong toKelly and the rest belong to Shauntay. Howmany marbles belong to Shauntay? Find the slope of the line that goes through the points (9,-13) and (7,3).